The term “osteoporosis” translates to “porous bones.” It occurs when the bones start degenerating and losing density. Bones can become fragile to the extent that even coughing or sneezing can break them. So, it’s crucial to keep an eye on the first signs and symptoms of osteoporosis and begin treatment immediately if the condition is detected. Read on to learn about the most common warning signs and symptoms of osteoporosis.

1. Weak, brittle fingernails
Nails, as well as bones, consist of disulfide bonds. Protein in bones and nails stick together because of these bonds. In the early stages, osteoporosis often causes the weakening of disulfide bonds in nails, making them brittle. Nails that break, split, chip, or curl around the fingertips are all causes for concern. However, keep in mind that brittle nails can also be a sign of a lack of certain nutrients, such as vitamin C, calcium, or folic acid. So, it’s crucial to maintain a healthy, balanced diet.

2. Receding gums
Receding gums are usually one of the first signs and symptoms of osteoporosis. The jawbone supports our teeth. If the jaw starts losing bone, gums will begin to recede. Also, bone loss in the jaw strongly indicates that there is loss of bone in other areas of the body as well. That said, receding gums can have a variety of other causes, such as poor oral hygiene, gum disease, and brushing teeth too hard. So, getting screened for bone loss is perhaps the best way to know if an individual has osteoporosis or not.

3. Reduced grip strength
Several studies have linked the strength of handgrip to the muscle and bone density in the forearm, hip, and spine. So, if one is having a hard time opening a tin can, turning the doorknob, or pulling heavy doors, it may be a sign of osteoporosis. In older people, falling is one of the most common causes of fracture. And to prevent that, having good grip strength is essential. One of the most effective ways to improve and maintain grip strength is to practice weight-bearing exercises regularly.

4. Decline in overall fitness
Lower overall fitness is another potential sign of osteoporosis. This means decreased muscle strength, poor balance, and reduced aerobic capacity. If an individual finds walking, exercising, or simply doing everyday tasks getting increasingly difficult, it may be due to loss of bone density. However, it’s important to know that the decline in physical fitness is reversible. Engaging in various exercises, especially the ones that improve muscle strength, and eating a healthy, balanced diet can help regain strength.

5. Frequent cramps, muscle aches, and bone pain
Unfortunately, these osteoporosis symptoms are often overlooked. Indeed, aches and pains are caused by various health problems and are a common part of aging. But, in some cases, the underlying cause is weak bones. Vitamin D deficiency, which plays a vital role in building bones, can lead to both muscle and bone pain. Frequent cramping in the leg and calf muscles, especially during the night, is an indication of a lack of calcium, magnesium, and potassium in the blood. This could lead to severe bone loss over time.